안식년과 희년에 관한 구체적인 얘기 레위기 25장 1절~28절

레위기 25장은 이스라엘 민족 공동체 내에서 안식일의 개념 정의, 그리고 경제적 공정성의 원칙을 강조하고 있습니다. 그중에서도 안식년과 희년에 대한 각별한 강조를 담고 있습니다.

 

안식일과 포도 재배

 

 

1. The Lord spoke to Moses on Mount sinai, saying, 

2. "Speak to the people of Israel and say to them, When you come into the land that I give you, the land shall keep a Sabbath to the Lord.

3. For six years you shall sow your vineyard and gather in its fruits,

4. but in the seventh year there shall be a Sabbath of solemn rest for the Land, Sabbath to the Lord. You shall not sow your field or prune your vineyard.

 

 

 

5. You shall not reap what grows of itself in your harvest, or gather the grapes of your undressed vine. It shall be a year of solemn rest for the land.

6. The Sabbath of the land shall provide food for you, for yourself and for your male and female slaves and for your hired servant and the sojourner who lives with you,

7. and for your cattle and for the wild animals that are in your land: all its yield shall be for food.

 

안식 일을 지킬 것과 농사 및 경작을 하는 과정에서 6년 동안 포도를 재배했으면 다음 해 7년 째는 쉬게 하라고 합니다. 그것이 어떤 종교적 신념보다는 그렇게 땅을 쉬게 해 줘야지 다음 해에 더 좋은 수확을 얻을 수 있다는 것을 창조주는 다 알고 계신 거죠. 인간이나, 땅이나 쉬어야 회복이 된다는 것이죠.

 

 희년

 

8. "You shall count seven weeks of years, seven times seven years, so that the time of the seven weeks of years shall give you forty-nine years.

9. Then you shall sound the loud trumpet on the tenth day of the seventh month. On the Day of Atonement you shall sound the trumpet throughout all your land.

10. And you shall consecrate the fiftieth year, and proclaim liberty throughout the land to all its inhabitants. It shall be a jubilee for you, when each of you shall return to his property and each of you shall return to his clan.

 

 

 

11. That fiftieth year shall be a jubilee for you; in it you shall neither sow nor reap what grows of itself nor gather the grapes from the undressed vines.

12. For it is a jubilee. It shall be holy to you. You may eat the produce of the field.

 

7년 기준으로 7번해서 49년을 보내고 50년이 되는 해는 희년이라고 해서 자유를 얻는 해입니다. 노예도 자유가 되고 소유권이 원래 주인에게 돌아가게 한 것인데 이런 법은 왜 만들어 놓은 걸까요? 공동체 사회를 중시하면서도 개인의 자유와, 뭔가 부당하고 얽매이는 행위 등에는 합리적인 대처를 하려는 것처럼 보입니다. 모든 것을 리셋하고 새롭게 출발하게 도와주려는 의도가 보이지 않나요?

 

 

 

 

13. "In this year of jubilee each of you shall return to his property.

14. And if you make a sale to your neighbour or buy from your neighbour, you shall not wrong one another.

15. You shall pay your neighbour according to the number of years after the jubilee, and he shall sell to you according to the number of years for crops.

16. If the years are many, you shall increase the price, and if the years are few, you shall reduce the price, for it is the number of the crops that he is selling to you.

17. You shall not wrong one another, but you shall fear your God, for I am the Lord your God.

 

 

 율법을 잘 지키고 땅을 함부로 팔지 말고

 

18. "Therefore you shall do my statutes and keep my rules and perform them, and then you will dwell in the land securely.

19. The land will yield its fruit, and you will eat your fill and dwell in it securely.

20. And if you say, 'What shall we eat in the seventh year, if we may not sow or gather in our crop?'

21. I will command my blessing on you in the sixth year, so that it will produce a crop sufficient for three years.

22. When you sow in the eighth year, you will be eating some of the old crop; you shall eat the old until the ninth year, when its crop arrives.

 

 

 

23. "The land shall not be sold in perpetuity, for the land its mine. For you are strangers and sojourners with me.

24. And in all the country you possess, you shall allow a redemption of the land.

 

  25. "If your brother becomes poor and sells part of his property, then his nearest redeemer shall come and redeem what his brother has sold.

26. If a man has no one to redeem it and then himself becomes prosperous and finds sufficient means to redeem it,

27. let him calculate the years since he sold it pay back the balance to the man to whom he sold it, and then return to his property.

28. But if he has not sufficient means to recover it, then what he sold shall remain in the hand of the buyer until the year of jubilee. In the jubilee it shall be released, and he shall return to his property.

 

안식년 등에 일을 안 하니 먹을 게 없다고 걱정하지 말고 6년 동안 농사짓고 여분의 묵은 곡식을 취하면 된다는 취지 같고요. 그런 일련의 지켜야 할 행동 양식을 가르치는 가운데 땅을 절대 팔지 말라고 합니다. 여기서 창조주는 땅은 내 것이라고 하면서 너희는 나와 함께 이방인이자 체류자이기 때문이라고 합니다. 이 부분이 또한 인상적으로 와닿습니다. 

 

땅의 주인은 자신이지만 너희와 나는 이 땅의 이방인이자 체류자라고 한 것이 맞죠? 그렇기에 함부로 소유를 넘기면 안되고, 그러니까 점유를 반드시 하고 있어야 한다는 의미 같은데요. 진짜 외계 행성에서 오셨나 봅니다.