레위기 4장 속죄에 대한 지침

레위기 4장은 사람이 잘못을 하면 그에 대한 지침을 알려주고 있습니다. 대체로 동물을 잡아 피를 뿌리고 묻히고 등 일정한 패턴이 있지만 흥미로운 것은 사람의 계층에 따라 속죄로 바치는 동물 종류가 달라진다는 점입니다. 

 

 

 

 

죄를 짓게 된다면 황소

 

 

레위기 3장 읽기

닭과 양과 염소의 손질법에 관한 레위기 3장

 

1. And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying

2. "Speak to the people of Israel, saying, If anyone sins unintentionally in any of the Lord's commandments about things not to be done, and does any one of them, 

3. if it is the anointed priest who sins, thus bringing guilt on the people, then he shall offer for the sin that he has committed a bull from the herd without blemish to the Lord for a sin offering.

 

창조주가 모세에게 이르기를, 사람들이 뜻하지 않게 죄를 짓게 되거든 흠 없는 황소를 바치라고 합니다. 

 

 

 

4. He shall bring the bull to the entrance of the tent of meeting before the Lord and lay his hand on the head of the bull and kill the bull before the Lord.

5. And the anointed priest shall take some of the blood of the bull and bring it into the tent of meeting, 

6. and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle part of the blood seven times before the Lord in front of the veil of the sanctuary.

7. And the priest shall put some of the blood on the horns of the altar of fragrant incense before the Lord that is in the tent of meeting, and all the rest of the blood of the bull he shall pour our at the base of the altar of burnt offering that is at the entrance of the tent of meeting.

8. And all the fat of the bull of the sin offering he shall remove from it , the fat that covers the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails

9. and the two kidneys with the fat that is on them at the loins and the long lobe of the liver that he shall remove with the kidneys

10.(just as these are taken from the ox of the sacrifice of the peace offerings); and the priest shall burn them on the altar of burnt offering.

11. But the skin of the bull and all its flesh, with its head, its legs, its entrails, and its dung-

12. all the rest of the clean place, to the ash heap, and shall burn it up on a fire of wood. On the ash heap it shall be burned up.

 

 

 

그러면서 전 장에 나열한 것처럼 죽이고 바치고 태우고 등등에 관하여 서술하였는데요. 회막 앞에서 황소 머리를 처 죽이고 제사장은 손가락에 피를 묻혀 일곱 번 뿌리고 등등 꼼꼼하게도 설명합니다. 그런데 왜 동물의 피를 묻히고 뿌리라고 하는지 참 이해불가입니다. 꼭 이런 의식을 해야만 하는 이유가 뭘까요.

 

다음으로 내장 등을 떼어내고 불태우라고 하는데요. 먹으란 말은 없고 반드시 불태우라고 하는데요. 순간 이런 생각이 들었습니다. 뭔가 양자역학 느낌? 연기를 통해 다른 세상으로 가거나 경험하는 기분 같기도 하고요.

 

 

 반복

 

 

13. "If the whold congregation of Israel sins unintentionally and the thing is hidden from the eyes of the assembly, and they do any one of the things that by the Lord's commandments ought not to be done, and they realize their guilt, 

14. when the sin which they have committed becomes known, the assembly shall offer a bull from the herd from the herd for a sin offering and bring it in front of the tent of meeting.

15. And the elders of the congregation shall lay their hands on the head of the bull before the Lord, and the bull shall be killed before the Lord.

16. Then the anointed priest shall bring some of the blood of the bull into the tent of meeting, 

17. and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle it seven times before the Lord in front of the veil.

 

 

 

18. And he shall put some of the blood on the horns of the altar that is in the tent of meeting before the Lord, and the rest of the blood he shall pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering that is at the entrance of the tent of meeting.

19. And all its fat he shall take from it and burn on the altar.

 

20. Thus shall he do with the bull. As he did with this. And the priest shal lmake atonement for them, and they shall be forgiven.

21. And he shall carry the bull outside the camp and burn it up as he burned the first bull; it is the sin offering for the assembly.

 

같은 내용이 반복되는데요. 아마도 첫 구절에는 개인이나 불특정한 사람을 의미하는 것 같고 두 번째 구절에서는 특정 집단 중 혹은 모임, 회중에서 죄를 짓게 된 경우의 지침을 얘기하는 것 같습니다. 어쨌거나 죄사함을 받으려면 황소가 대신 죽음을 당하는 형국 같은데요. 황소는 뭔 죄가 있다고 목을 베이고 내장을 태우고 그런 꼴을 당하는지 모르겠네요.

 

 지도자가 죄를 짓거든 수컷 염소

 

 

 

22. "When a leader sins, doing unintentionally any one of all the things that by the commandments of the Lord his God ought not to be done, and realizes his guilt,

23. or the sin which he has committed is made known to him, he shall bring as his offering a goat, an male without blemish,

24. and shall lay his hand on the head of the goat and kill it in the place where they kill the burnt offering before the Lord; it is a sin offering.

25. Then the priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering and pour out the rest of its blood at the base of the altar of burnt offering.

26 And all its fat he shall burn on the altar, like the fat of the sacrifice of peace offerings. So the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin, and he shall be forgiven.

 

이번에는 지도자의 죄에 관해서입니다. 지도자가 죄를 짓고 잘못을 뉘우치게 되면 흠없는 염소 그것도 숫염소를 바치라고 하는데요. 다른 계층은 황소였던 것에 비해서 지도자는 염소로 차별화를 하는 이유가 정말 궁금합니다. 

 

그렇게 해서 제사장이 피를 묻히고 제단 위에서 제물을 불태우면 속죄가 된다고 하는 내용입니다. 

 

 

 이번에는 암컷 염소

 

 

 

27. "If any one of the common people sins unintentionally in doing any one of the things that by the Lord's commandments ought not to be done, and realizes his guilt, 

28. or the sin which he has committed is made known to him, he shall bring for his offering a goat, a female without blemish, for his sin which he has committed.

29. And he shall lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and kill the sin offering in the place of burnt offering.

30. And the priest shall take some of its blood with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering and pour out all the rest of its blood at the base of the altar.

31. And all its fat he shall remove, as the fat is removed from the peace offering, and the priest shall burn it on the altar for a pleasing aroma to the Lord. And the priest shall make atonement for him, and he shall be forgiven.

 

 

지도자급에 이어 이제는 일반인이 죄를 짓게 되니 동물의 성별이 바뀌네요. 흠 없는 암컷 염소 한마리를 제물로 바쳐서 속죄를 하라고 하는데요. 왜 죄를 지으면 다 같은 죄인인 것을 사람을 계층별로 분류하고 속죄하는 것도 동물을 구분해서 용서를 구하라고 하는 지 알다가도 모르겠습니다. 

 

 

 어린 암컷 양 한마리

 

32. " If he bring a lamb as his offering for a sin offering, he shall bring a female without blemish

33. and lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and kill it for a sin offering in the place where they kill the burnt offering.

34. Then the priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering and pour out all the rest of its blood at the base of the altar.

35. And all its fat he shall remove as the fat of the lamb is removed from the sacrifice of peace offerings, and the priest shall burn it on the altar, on top of the LORD's food offerings. And the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin which he has committed, and he shall be forgiven.

 

죄를 짓고 사람이 어린 암 컷 양한마리를 가져와도 속죄를 해주라는 건지 뭔지 모르겠는데, 레위기 4장은 잘못을 저지르면 동물을 잡아 속죄를 하라고 하는데요. 그냥, 창조주는 육식을 좋아한다고 생각하렵니다. 굳이 황소, 염소, 양 등을 분류해서 불에 태우는 이유를 모르겠습니다.